Chequers, IG9
Street in Buckhurst Hill
Median, last 3 years
£330,000
7 sales, Jun 2023 – May 2026
Last standard sale
£340,000
20 Feb 2026
Standard sales
112
since 1995
Figures count standard sales only (Price Paid category A). Additional entries (category B) - repossessions, buy-to-lets with an identifiable mortgage, and purchases by companies and other non-private buyers - are listed below but flagged.
Sale history (113 records · 32 homes sold more than once)
| Address | Postcode | Date | Type | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
13, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 20 Feb 2026
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £185,000 (Sep 2005) · +84%
|
IG9 5RH | 20 Feb 2026 | Flat / maisonette | £340,000 |
|
6, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 14 Nov 2025
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £320,000 (Sep 2022) · +2%
|
IG9 5RH | 14 Nov 2025 | Flat / maisonette | £326,500 |
|
28, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 27 Aug 2025
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £187,500 (Feb 2003) · +76%
|
IG9 5RH | 27 Aug 2025 | Flat / maisonette | £330,000 |
|
19, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 26 Mar 2025
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £248,500 (Jun 2007) · +29%
|
IG9 5RH | 26 Mar 2025 | Flat / maisonette | £320,000 |
|
24, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 1 Aug 2024
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 1 Aug 2024 | Flat / maisonette | £297,500 |
|
22, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 19 Jul 2024
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 19 Jul 2024 | Flat / maisonette | £330,000 |
|
15, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 15 Jan 2024
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £86,000 (Nov 1997) · +301%
|
IG9 5RH | 15 Jan 2024 | Flat / maisonette | £345,000 |
|
9, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 30 May 2023
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £345,000 (Jul 2017) · 0%
|
IG9 5RH | 30 May 2023 | Flat / maisonette | £345,000 |
|
2, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 22 Sep 2022
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £302,000 (Feb 2015) · +15%
|
IG9 5RH | 22 Sep 2022 | Flat / maisonette | £347,500 |
|
6, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 16 Sep 2022
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £275,000 (Feb 2018)
|
IG9 5RH | 16 Sep 2022 | Flat / maisonette | £320,000 |
|
20, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 22 Jun 2021
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £280,000 (Jan 2016) · +30%
|
IG9 5RH | 22 Jun 2021 | Flat / maisonette | £365,000 |
|
31, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 29 Mar 2021
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £250,000 (Nov 2013) · +28%
|
IG9 5RH | 29 Mar 2021 | Flat / maisonette | £320,000 |
|
8, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 1 Feb 2021
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £315,000 (Sep 2014) · +8%
|
IG9 5RH | 1 Feb 2021 | Flat / maisonette | £340,000 |
|
26, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 13 May 2020
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £350,000 (Feb 2018) · −3%
|
IG9 5RH | 13 May 2020 | Flat / maisonette | £340,000 |
|
33, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 20 Jul 2018
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £375,000 (Mar 2017) · +6%
|
IG9 5RH | 20 Jul 2018 | Flat / maisonette | £397,000 |
|
6, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
Cat B
IG9 5RH · 28 Feb 2018
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 28 Feb 2018 | Flat / maisonette | £275,000 |
|
26, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 12 Feb 2018
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £246,000 (Sep 2013) · +42%
|
IG9 5RH | 12 Feb 2018 | Flat / maisonette | £350,000 |
|
24, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 28 Jul 2017
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £180,000 (Aug 2009) · +67%
|
IG9 5RH | 28 Jul 2017 | Flat / maisonette | £300,000 |
|
9, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 19 Jul 2017
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £305,000 (Sep 2014) · +13%
|
IG9 5RH | 19 Jul 2017 | Flat / maisonette | £345,000 |
|
33, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 31 Mar 2017
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £340,000 (Mar 2016) · +10%
|
IG9 5RH | 31 Mar 2017 | Flat / maisonette | £375,000 |
|
33, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 15 Mar 2016
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 15 Mar 2016 | Flat / maisonette | £340,000 |
|
20, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 18 Jan 2016
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £78,000 (Aug 1998) · +259%
|
IG9 5RH | 18 Jan 2016 | Flat / maisonette | £280,000 |
|
35, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 20 Nov 2015
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £77,000 (Jan 2000) · +212%
|
IG9 5RH | 20 Nov 2015 | Flat / maisonette | £240,000 |
|
2, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 16 Feb 2015
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £199,995 (May 2004) · +51%
|
IG9 5RH | 16 Feb 2015 | Flat / maisonette | £302,000 |
|
21, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 16 Jan 2015
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £215,000 (Nov 2006) · +47%
|
IG9 5RH | 16 Jan 2015 | Flat / maisonette | £315,000 |
|
9, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 24 Sep 2014
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £229,995 (Oct 2006) · +33%
|
IG9 5RH | 24 Sep 2014 | Flat / maisonette | £305,000 |
|
8, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 22 Sep 2014
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £210,000 (Sep 2009) · +50%
|
IG9 5RH | 22 Sep 2014 | Flat / maisonette | £315,000 |
|
18, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 8 Aug 2014
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £59,000 (Oct 1996) · +374%
|
IG9 5RH | 8 Aug 2014 | Flat / maisonette | £279,950 |
|
31, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 29 Nov 2013
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £235,000 (Mar 2007) · +6%
|
IG9 5RH | 29 Nov 2013 | Flat / maisonette | £250,000 |
|
26, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 27 Sep 2013
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £235,000 (Jul 2010) · +5%
|
IG9 5RH | 27 Sep 2013 | Flat / maisonette | £246,000 |
|
1, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 11 Jan 2013
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £227,500 (Nov 2006) · +10%
|
IG9 5RH | 11 Jan 2013 | Flat / maisonette | £250,000 |
|
22, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 23 Jul 2010
· Terraced
Previously £177,000 (Mar 2005) · +36%
|
IG9 5RH | 23 Jul 2010 | Terraced | £240,000 |
|
26, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 9 Jul 2010
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £188,000 (Oct 2004) · +25%
|
IG9 5RH | 9 Jul 2010 | Flat / maisonette | £235,000 |
|
7, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 10 Jun 2010
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £170,000 (Nov 2002) · +38%
|
IG9 5RH | 10 Jun 2010 | Flat / maisonette | £235,000 |
|
12, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 3 Jun 2010
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £178,000 (Mar 2007) · +10%
|
IG9 5RH | 3 Jun 2010 | Flat / maisonette | £195,000 |
|
8, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 25 Sep 2009
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £125,000 (Mar 2000) · +68%
|
IG9 5RH | 25 Sep 2009 | Flat / maisonette | £210,000 |
|
24, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 7 Aug 2009
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £154,995 (Dec 2002) · +16%
|
IG9 5RH | 7 Aug 2009 | Flat / maisonette | £180,000 |
|
10, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 19 Oct 2007
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £169,995 (Aug 2002) · +47%
|
IG9 5RH | 19 Oct 2007 | Flat / maisonette | £250,000 |
|
19, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 13 Jun 2007
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £187,500 (Aug 2005) · +33%
|
IG9 5RH | 13 Jun 2007 | Flat / maisonette | £248,500 |
|
31, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 30 Mar 2007
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £192,500 (Sep 2004) · +22%
|
IG9 5RH | 30 Mar 2007 | Flat / maisonette | £235,000 |
|
12, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 2 Mar 2007
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £89,000 (Oct 1999) · +100%
|
IG9 5RH | 2 Mar 2007 | Flat / maisonette | £178,000 |
|
21, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 24 Nov 2006
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £185,000 (Aug 2003) · +16%
|
IG9 5RH | 24 Nov 2006 | Flat / maisonette | £215,000 |
|
1, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 20 Nov 2006
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £195,000 (Feb 2006) · +17%
|
IG9 5RH | 20 Nov 2006 | Flat / maisonette | £227,500 |
|
9, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 23 Oct 2006
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £197,995 (Dec 2002) · +16%
|
IG9 5RH | 23 Oct 2006 | Flat / maisonette | £229,995 |
|
1, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 28 Feb 2006
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £152,500 (Nov 2002) · +28%
|
IG9 5RH | 28 Feb 2006 | Flat / maisonette | £195,000 |
|
4, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 10 Feb 2006
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £134,000 (Jun 2001) · +46%
|
IG9 5RH | 10 Feb 2006 | Flat / maisonette | £195,000 |
|
13, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 16 Sep 2005
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £115,000 (Mar 2000) · +61%
|
IG9 5RH | 16 Sep 2005 | Flat / maisonette | £185,000 |
|
19, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 8 Aug 2005
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 8 Aug 2005 | Flat / maisonette | £187,500 |
|
23, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 4 Jul 2005
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £95,000 (Oct 2000) · +73%
|
IG9 5RH | 4 Jul 2005 | Flat / maisonette | £164,000 |
|
22, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 24 Mar 2005
· Terraced
Previously £126,000 (Sep 2000) · +40%
|
IG9 5RH | 24 Mar 2005 | Terraced | £177,000 |
|
34, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 17 Nov 2004
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 17 Nov 2004 | Flat / maisonette | £195,000 |
|
26, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 28 Oct 2004
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £120,000 (Nov 1999) · +57%
|
IG9 5RH | 28 Oct 2004 | Flat / maisonette | £188,000 |
|
31, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 24 Sep 2004
· Semi-detached
Previously £75,500 (Dec 1996) · +155%
|
IG9 5RH | 24 Sep 2004 | Semi-detached | £192,500 |
|
30, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 28 May 2004
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £88,500 (Apr 2000) · +84%
|
IG9 5RH | 28 May 2004 | Flat / maisonette | £162,950 |
|
2, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 28 May 2004
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £135,000 (May 2002) · +48%
|
IG9 5RH | 28 May 2004 | Flat / maisonette | £199,995 |
|
11, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 29 Mar 2004
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £97,500 (Nov 2000) · +66%
|
IG9 5RH | 29 Mar 2004 | Flat / maisonette | £162,000 |
|
21, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 8 Aug 2003
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £133,000 (Sep 2001) · +39%
|
IG9 5RH | 8 Aug 2003 | Flat / maisonette | £185,000 |
|
28, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 7 Feb 2003
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £127,000 (Jul 2000) · +48%
|
IG9 5RH | 7 Feb 2003 | Flat / maisonette | £187,500 |
|
24, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 19 Dec 2002
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £102,000 (Aug 2000) · +52%
|
IG9 5RH | 19 Dec 2002 | Flat / maisonette | £154,995 |
|
9, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 12 Dec 2002
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £87,000 (Dec 1997) · +128%
|
IG9 5RH | 12 Dec 2002 | Flat / maisonette | £197,995 |
|
1, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 15 Nov 2002
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £86,000 (Aug 1998) · +77%
|
IG9 5RH | 15 Nov 2002 | Flat / maisonette | £152,500 |
|
7, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 14 Nov 2002
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £80,000 (Dec 1997) · +113%
|
IG9 5RH | 14 Nov 2002 | Flat / maisonette | £170,000 |
|
10, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 16 Aug 2002
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £93,000 (Feb 1998) · +83%
|
IG9 5RH | 16 Aug 2002 | Flat / maisonette | £169,995 |
|
2, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 3 May 2002
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £95,000 (Aug 1999) · +42%
|
IG9 5RH | 3 May 2002 | Flat / maisonette | £135,000 |
|
16, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 21 Dec 2001
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £76,500 (May 1995) · +80%
|
IG9 5RH | 21 Dec 2001 | Flat / maisonette | £138,000 |
|
21, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 11 Sep 2001
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £77,500 (Aug 1995) · +72%
|
IG9 5RH | 11 Sep 2001 | Flat / maisonette | £133,000 |
|
4, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 6 Jun 2001
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £86,000 (Jun 1998) · +56%
|
IG9 5RH | 6 Jun 2001 | Flat / maisonette | £134,000 |
|
29, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 10 May 2001
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £64,000 (Jul 1997) · +59%
|
IG9 5RH | 10 May 2001 | Flat / maisonette | £101,500 |
|
27, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 29 Nov 2000
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £92,000 (Oct 1997) · +38%
|
IG9 5RH | 29 Nov 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £127,000 |
|
11, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 24 Nov 2000
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 24 Nov 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £97,500 |
|
23, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 27 Oct 2000
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £60,000 (Jun 1997) · +58%
|
IG9 5RH | 27 Oct 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £95,000 |
|
22, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 29 Sep 2000
· Terraced
|
IG9 5RH | 29 Sep 2000 | Terraced | £126,000 |
|
24, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 25 Aug 2000
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £64,000 (Oct 1997) · +59%
|
IG9 5RH | 25 Aug 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £102,000 |
|
28, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 21 Jul 2000
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 21 Jul 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £127,000 |
|
32, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 12 May 2000
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £84,000 (Feb 1998) · +40%
|
IG9 5RH | 12 May 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £117,995 |
|
5, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 28 Apr 2000
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £55,000 (Mar 1995) · +78%
|
IG9 5RH | 28 Apr 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £98,000 |
|
17, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 28 Apr 2000
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £65,000 (Jun 1997) · +57%
|
IG9 5RH | 28 Apr 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £102,000 |
|
30, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 5 Apr 2000
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 5 Apr 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £88,500 |
|
13, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 17 Mar 2000
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £70,750 (Apr 1997) · +63%
|
IG9 5RH | 17 Mar 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £115,000 |
|
8, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 3 Mar 2000
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £89,000 (Sep 1999) · +40%
|
IG9 5RH | 3 Mar 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £125,000 |
|
35, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 14 Jan 2000
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 14 Jan 2000 | Flat / maisonette | £77,000 |
|
26, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 22 Nov 1999
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £81,000 (May 1996) · +48%
|
IG9 5RH | 22 Nov 1999 | Flat / maisonette | £120,000 |
|
12, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 29 Oct 1999
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 29 Oct 1999 | Flat / maisonette | £89,000 |
|
8, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 15 Sep 1999
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 15 Sep 1999 | Flat / maisonette | £89,000 |
|
14, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 31 Aug 1999
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 31 Aug 1999 | Flat / maisonette | £98,500 |
|
2, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 18 Aug 1999
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £88,000 (Apr 1998) · +8%
|
IG9 5RH | 18 Aug 1999 | Flat / maisonette | £95,000 |
|
36, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 14 May 1999
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 14 May 1999 | Flat / maisonette | £76,500 |
|
20, CONNAUGHT COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 14 Aug 1998
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 14 Aug 1998 | Flat / maisonette | £78,000 |
|
1, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 7 Aug 1998
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 7 Aug 1998 | Flat / maisonette | £86,000 |
|
4, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 19 Jun 1998
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 19 Jun 1998 | Flat / maisonette | £86,000 |
|
2, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 24 Apr 1998
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 24 Apr 1998 | Flat / maisonette | £88,000 |
|
32, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 27 Feb 1998
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 27 Feb 1998 | Flat / maisonette | £84,000 |
|
10, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 26 Feb 1998
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 26 Feb 1998 | Flat / maisonette | £93,000 |
|
9, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 19 Dec 1997
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 19 Dec 1997 | Flat / maisonette | £87,000 |
|
7, BROOK COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 12 Dec 1997
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £74,750 (May 1995) · +7%
|
IG9 5RH | 12 Dec 1997 | Flat / maisonette | £80,000 |
|
15, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 13 Nov 1997
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 13 Nov 1997 | Flat / maisonette | £86,000 |
|
24, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 31 Oct 1997
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 31 Oct 1997 | Flat / maisonette | £64,000 |
|
3, AVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 30 Oct 1997
· Flat / maisonette
Previously £80,000 (Apr 1997) · +19%
|
IG9 5RH | 30 Oct 1997 | Flat / maisonette | £95,000 |
|
27, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 17 Oct 1997
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 17 Oct 1997 | Flat / maisonette | £92,000 |
|
29, DEVON COURT, CHEQUERS
IG9 5RH · 18 Jul 1997
· Flat / maisonette
|
IG9 5RH | 18 Jul 1997 | Flat / maisonette | £64,000 |
Cat B An additional Price Paid entry (category B): a repossession, a buy-to-let with an identifiable mortgage, a purchase by a company or other non-private buyer, or a sale of another kind of property. Left out of every average.